E hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole ma hope o kēia makahiki i nā mea kanu
Strawberry poho mai Fusarium hiki i ka wilt ke lilo i mea hoʻoweliweli ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana o nā mea noiʻi ma ke Kulanui o Kaleponi, ʻo Davis, nā ʻano genes e kūʻē i ka maʻi e lawe ʻia e ka lepo.
Nā hopena, hoʻopuka ʻia ma ka pukana puke Nā Genetics Theoretical and Applied Genetics, ʻo ia ka hopena o nā hana he mau makahiki, a ʻo ka ʻike ʻana e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka nalowale o nā maʻi, wahi a Steve Knapp, ka luna o ka Papahana Hoopapa Strawberry ma UC Davis.
"He mea koʻikoʻi ka mea a mākou i hoʻokō ai ma ʻaneʻi a he waiwai ia no ka ʻoihana a e pale aku i nā mea ulu," wahi a Knapp.
ʻO Strawberries kahi meaʻai nui ma Kaleponi, kahi e ulu ai ma kahi o 1.8 biliona paona o nā hua momona i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻo ia ka 88% o nā mea i ʻohi ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
ʻO ka ʻimi ʻana i nā genes hiki ke pale a Fusarium wilt maʻi maʻi.
"Ua hoʻomaka ka maʻi e ʻike pinepine i luna a i lalo o ka mokuʻāina," wahi a Glenn Cole, kahi mea hānai a me ka luna kahua me ka Strawberry Breeding Program. “Ke komo ka wili, hāʻule wale ka mea kanu. Ua make loa ʻoe.
Ke ʻimi nei i ke kūʻē
Ua nānā nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻo UC Davis i nā tausani o nā mea kanu strawberry ma ke kula hānai ʻo College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences a lawe i nā laʻana DNA. A laila hoʻohana lākou i ka kānana genetic a hoʻomohala i nā diagnostics DNA e ʻike ai i nā ʻano genes i kū i ka lāhui mua o Fusarium makemake.
"Ke lana nei nā genes i loko o ka strawberry germplasm no nā tausani makahiki," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Cole, akā ʻaʻohe mea i hana e ʻike iā lākou.
ʻO kēia hoʻomohala hou e lawe mai i "strawberry i ka 21st century e pili ana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēia pilikia," wahi a Knapp.
Ka pale ʻana i nā mea kanu e hiki mai ana
ʻO kēia hana ka mea hiki i nā mea hoʻouluulu ke hoʻokomo i ke ʻano kūpaʻa i nā ʻano strawberry e hiki mai ana. I kēia hāʻule e hoʻokuʻu ka papahana i nā cultivars hou i loaʻa ka Fusarium gene kū'ē wili. A ʻo nā mea hana diagnostic DNA e kōkua i nā mea hānai e pane i nā mea hou Fusarium wilt ano e ulu ana.
"E loaʻa ana nā mea hoʻoweliweli hou a makemake mākou e mākaukau no lākou," wahi a Knapp. "Makemake mākou e hoʻomaopopo pehea e hana ai kēia i loko o nā strawberries a i ka wā e puka mai ai nā hoʻoweliweli hou, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻoponopono iā lākou me ka wikiwiki."
“Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe Fusarium kū'ē, ua pau ʻoe, "wahi a Cole. "He ʻoi aku paha ka maʻi ma mua o kou manaʻo."
Fusarium ʻAʻole he pilikia maʻamau ka wilt, akā i ka wā i hoʻopau ʻia ai ka fumigant methyl bromide i ka makahiki 2005, ua loli nā mea. Aia ka ma'i i loko o ka lepo, a me ka 'ole o ka fumigant, ua mahuahua ka ma'i ma'i, ma nā wahi i ho'ololi 'ole 'ia nā mea kanu.
Hoʻoulu i nā ʻano ʻano hou
Ua haʻi aku ʻo Knapp lāua ʻo Cole i ka ʻoihana e pili ana i nā ʻano strawberry o kēia manawa me ke kūʻē ʻana i hiki iā lākou ke koho i nā mea kanu me kēlā pale. ʻO nā ʻano ʻano kūʻokoʻa hou e puka mai ana ma hope o kēia makahiki e kūpono ia no kekahi mau kau ulu.
"He hana nui ia," wahi a Cole. "Hoʻonui nā mea a pau i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā mea kanu, akā he mea nui ia."
Ua hānai nā kānaka ʻepekema mea kanu i nā strawberry ma UC Davis mai ka makahiki 1930, a ua hoʻokuʻu lākou ma mua o 60 mau ʻano patented ma o ka papahana hoʻohua lehulehu.
Loaʻa nā hana a pau ma UC Davis. ʻO Dominique Pincot, Mitchell Feldmann, Mishi Vachev, Marta Bjornson, Alan Rodriguez, Randi Famula a me Gitta Coaker mai ka 'Oihana o Plant Sciences, a me Thomas Gordon mai ke Keʻena o Plant Pathology i hāʻawi i ka noiʻi, e like me Michael Hardigan a me Peter Henry. aia i kēia manawa ma ka US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, a me Nicholas Cobo, aia ma ke Kulanui o La Frontera ma Chile.
Ua kākoʻo ʻia ka noiʻi e UC Davis a me nā haʻawina mai ka USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative.
Kumu: https://www.ucdavis.edu