ʻO Krasnodar Krai kekahi o nā ʻāina alakaʻi ʻekolu i ka hana ʻana i nā huahana mea kanu o ka lepo pale. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka māhele o ka mea i lawe ʻia mai i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hale kōmaena. ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai o nā kumu waiwai, nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa no nā mea hana a me nā logistic, e pili ana i ka hoʻopaʻi hoʻopaʻi ma luna o Rūsia, alakaʻi i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai o nā mea kanu a me ka emi ʻana o ka marginality o ka ʻoihana o nā mahiʻai Kuban. Ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa nei nā mea kūʻai aku e pono ka agribusiness i ke kākoʻo mokuʻāina e mālama i nā kaʻina hana.
ʻO ka uluʻana i nā nui a me nāʻenehana
ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili nui o nā mea kanu o ka ʻāina paʻa o nā hui mahiʻai o ke Teritori ʻo Krasnodar, ʻaʻole pili i nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi, i Ianuali-ʻOkakopa 2022 he 88.6 tausani tons. ʻOi aku kēia ma kahi o 3 tausani tons ma mua o ka manawa like i ka makahiki i hala. Ua hōʻike ʻia kēia iā Kommersant-Kuban ma Krasnodarstat.
Wahi a ke Keʻena ʻĀina o ka Mahiʻai a me ka Hana Hana Hana, ʻo Kuban kekahi o nā ʻāina alakaʻi ʻekolu i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā ʻāina ʻo Moscow a me Lipetsk. Ma ka Territory o Krasnodar, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana ʻana o nā hua mea kanu o ka lepo i mālama ʻia ma mua o 16 kg no kēlā me kēia kanaka ma kahi o 12 kg. ʻO ka hoʻolālā hana ma 2022 he 112 tausani tons.
"Hāʻawi ʻia ka nui o ka hana paʻa e ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka ʻāina ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka huahana no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ka wahi i hoʻohana ʻia, i hoʻokō ʻia e ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā ʻenehana hou no ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu i ka lepo pale, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hua kiʻekiʻe. . I nā makahiki e hiki mai ana, e like me nā wānana a nā poʻe akamai o ka ʻoihana, hiki ke ulu ka hana ʻana o nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka Kuban i 130-140 tausani tons. ʻO kēia ma muli o ke ola hou ʻana o ka hana hoʻopukapuka e pili ana i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā papahana no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo kiʻekiʻe-tech hou, "i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Fedor Dereka, Kuhina o ka Mahiai a me ka Hana Hana o ka Teritori Krasnodar, i haʻi aku iā Kommersant-Kuban.
I nā makahiki e hiki mai ana, e like me nā wānana a nā poʻe akamai o ka ʻoihana, hiki i ka hana ʻana o nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma Kuban ke ulu i 130-140 tausani tons.
Wahi a ke Keʻena ʻĀina o ka ʻAi ʻĀina, 11 mau hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻenehana me ka nui o ka nui ma mua o 240 mau ʻeka e hana nei ma Kuban. ʻO lākou ka 96% o ka nui o nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma ka ʻāina. ʻO nā alakaʻi i ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu i mālama ʻia ʻo Dinskoy, Belorechensky, Timashevsky, Krasnoarmeysky, Seversky districts a me Krasnodar. "Maʻaneʻi ka nui o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo nui o ka ʻāina me nā ʻenehana hana kiʻekiʻe loa. Ma nā mea ʻenehana he nui e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ma mua o 70 kg o nā mea kanu i kēlā me kēia mika square, "i hōʻike ʻia e ka lawelawe paʻi o ka ʻoihana.
No laila, ʻo kekahi o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo nui loa ma Rūsia "Green Line", nona ka hale kūʻai kūʻai "Magnet", aia ma nā moku Dinsky a me Tikhoretsky o ka Teritori Krasnodar. "I kēia makahiki ke manaʻo nei mākou e loaʻa hou ka ʻohi ʻana ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā mana hana - ma kahi o 58 tausani mau kukama a me nā ʻōmato o nā ʻano like ʻole, me ka cherry a me nā tōmato cocktail, kahi e kau nui ai mākou ma muli o ke kaulana o nā kūlana," wahi a ka lawelawe paʻi o ka hui.
ʻO nā mea kanu hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo i loko o 20 mau makahiki wale nō ua hoʻohuli ʻia mai ka ʻai ʻole ʻia o nā huahana meaʻai o ka wā i mea ʻai i kēlā me kēia lā o ka ʻai a nā Lūkini. "Ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma Rūsia ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka embargo meaʻai i ka makahiki 2014. Ma mua o kēlā, ma kahi o hoʻokahi miliona mau mea kanu i lawe ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki mai Turkey, Iran a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe," wahi a Yulia Tulupnikova, ka mea aʻoaʻo kiʻekiʻe ma ka Ke Keʻena ʻOihana Hoʻonaʻauao a me ka Hoʻokele honua ma Synergy University.
ʻO ka nānā a pau i nā kukama
ʻO ke ʻano o nā makahiki i hala iho nei ʻo ia ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka papa inoa o nā mea kanu mea kanu i ulu i ka ʻāina i pale ʻia, ʻo ka lawelawe paʻi ʻana o ka Ministry of Agriculture memo. Inā ma mua he mau tōmato a me nā kukama, i kēia lā he pepa, eggplant, salads, greens. Ua loli pū ka pākēneka o nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
"Inā he ʻelima mau makahiki i hala aku nei nā kukama a hiki i ka 70% o ka nui o ka hana ʻana, i kēia lā he 50%. ʻO ka nui i koe e hāʻule i nā'ōmato - 48%, nā hua'ōmaʻomaʻo, a me ka pepa - 2%. Hoʻopili ka poʻe loea i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana ʻana i ka ʻōmato i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka noi no nā huahana mea kanu o ka ʻāina paʻa. ʻO ka mea kūikawā, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka noi no nā tōmato home, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā tōmato cherry, "wahi a ka lawelawe paʻi o ka ʻoihana.
ʻO ka Hope Pelekikena o ka hui "Greenhouses of Russia" Andrey Medvedev e koi ana i kēia manawa aia kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka mākeke me nā kukama. Ua wehewehe ʻia kēia ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ka kukama ka mea ulu wikiwiki a hoʻihoʻi koke ʻia. "Eia kekahi, kokoke i nā mea hana a pau e ulu i hoʻokahi ʻano kukama. ʻAʻole ʻoe e ʻike i nā ʻano huahana koho ʻē aʻe ma nā wahi āpau, "wahi a Mr. Medvedev. Ua ʻōlelo hou ʻo ia, ʻaʻole i hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā tōmato ma ka ʻāina, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā tōmato, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi o ka ulu ʻana.
“ʻAʻole nānā iki ʻia nā pepa, nā eggplants a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole makemake ka poʻe ʻoihana e hoʻopaneʻe i kā lākou ʻoihana i ka uku ʻana i nā hōʻaiʻē lōʻihi e pono ai no ka mahi ʻana i kēia mau mea kanu. Pono kēia mau mea i ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ka hoʻoikaika ʻana mai ka mokuʻāina, a i kēia manawa ʻaʻohe mea, "wahi a Andrey Medvedev.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Natalia Davydenko, ke poʻo o ke keʻena ʻo Crop and Mushroom Growing ma Interagro, ʻo 70% o nā pepa momona i hoʻopau ʻia e nā Lūkini e lawe ʻia ma ka IV Agricultural Forum "Fruits and Vegetables of Russia - 2022", i mālama ʻia ma Sochi i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa. . ʻO ke kumu, lawe ʻia nā pepa momona, e like me kāna, mai Israel, Turkey a me Kina. Manaʻo ʻo Ms. Davydenko he hiki ke hoʻololi i ka lawe ʻana mai o kēia hua me kāna hana ponoʻī, akā no kēia mea pono e hoʻoponopono i nā hana he nui.
"Ua ulu ʻia ka Pepper ma kahi ākea a pani ʻia, a ʻokoʻa ka hua. No Rūsia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu ʻana i ka moʻomeheu pepa ʻono i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Eia nō naʻe, kaohi ʻia ka hana ʻana e ka agrotechnical (nā koina hana kiʻekiʻe a me nā hua haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i ka hana ʻana i ka hale kōmaena; nele i nā ʻenehana koʻikoʻi o nā mīkini mahiʻai, nā mīkini no ka ʻohi huluhulu a me nā laina no ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻopili ʻana) a me nā kumu socio-economic (ka nele o ka moʻomeheu o ka ʻai mau. a me ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe)," wahi a Ms. Davydenko.
Ua hoʻopaʻi ʻia nā palena
Ma lalo o nā kūlana o ka hoʻopaʻi hoʻopaʻi ma luna o Rūsia, ke kū nei nā mea hana i ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai no nā mea hana, ka pono e ʻimi i nā mea hoʻolako hou a me kahi mea ʻē aʻe i nā mea maka a me nā mea e haʻalele ana i ka mākeke Lūkini, a me ka pono e hoʻololi i ka nā lā hoʻouna, ʻōlelo ʻo Yulia Tulupnikova. "ʻO nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi a me nā mahiʻai ka manawa paʻakikī," wahi āna.
Piʻi ka pilikia ma muli o ka māhele kiʻekiʻe o ka mea i lawe ʻia mai i ka hana ʻana i nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo. No laila, e like me Andrey Medvedev, kokoke i 80% o nā hua, 60% o nā huahana pale mea kanu, 70% o nā bumblebees no ka pollination he haole. ʻO nā ʻāpana no nā mea hana i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu, ʻo ia hoʻi no ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka gas-piston no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ikehu uila, nā mea hoʻomalu i ke aniau, ka ʻohi ʻana a me nā lako paʻi, ua lilo a paʻakikī ke komo.
ʻO ia ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka lawelawe paʻi o ke kaulahao kūʻai "Magnet". "I kēia makahiki ua pilikia mākou i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā hua, nā mea kanu, nā mea kanu biosecurity, nā ʻāpana. Hoʻopau mākou iā lākou ma ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka launa pū ʻana me nā mea hoʻolako kūloko, a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā ala lako ʻē aʻe, "wahi a ka hui.
ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana i ke kumukūʻai o nā mea waiwai, nā mea hana, ka halihaliʻana i hoʻonui nui i nā kumukūʻai o ka poʻe mahiʻai, i pili i ke kumukūʻai o ka hana.
"I ka manawa like, ma muli o ka ʻohi maikaʻi ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai meaʻai. E ʻōlelo kākou ua like ke kumu kūʻai o nā tōmato i kēia lā me ka makahiki i hala," wahi a Yulia Tulupnikova. ʻO ka hopena, ua emi nui ka marginality o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā mea kanu i ka makahiki 2022.
Pono nā mea kanu i ke kākoʻo
Ke ulu mau nei ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma Rūsia. "Inā hoʻomau ka dynamics maikaʻi, a laila ma ka hopena o 2022 ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana ma kahi o 1.5 miliona tons, ʻo ia ka 7% ʻoi aku ma mua o 2021, a e hoʻonui kēia i ka moʻolelo o ka makahiki i hala. Loaʻa ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka hana ma muli o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā wahi hou, a ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā hua, "wīwī ʻo Yulia Tulupnikova. Ua hoʻohui ʻo ia ma ka Teritori ʻo Krasnodar, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hana ʻai meaʻai i ka hapakolu i nā makahiki ʻelima i hala.
Aia nā kūlana āpau no ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma Kuban, wahi a Maria Zakatova, kahi mea loiloi ma ka hui noiʻi NTech. “He ʻāina maikaʻi kēia a me ka lepo momona. Eia kekahi, aia nā haʻawina mai ka moku'āina ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā kālā no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo no ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu o ka lepo i pale ʻia, e uku ana i ka 25% o ke kumukūʻai kūkulu," wahi a Ms. Zakatova.
No ka hoʻonui houʻana i kaʻoihana, e like me ka poʻe akamai, pono e hoʻololi hou i nā hale kōmaʻomaʻo o ka'āina, ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā'ōnaehana hoʻomehana maikaʻi loa, a me ke kākoʻo no nā mahiʻai mahiʻai liʻiliʻi.
"Aia nā hōʻaiʻē i kākoʻo ʻia, aia nā uku, aia kekahi uku no ka hapa o nā kumukūʻai uila i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i nā kukui artificial i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo. He nui nā ana, akā ʻaʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke ʻano o ka huahana, "wahi a Andrey Medvedev. Ua wehewehe ʻo ia ʻaʻole i lawa ka poʻe mahiʻai i kēia lā i nā kumuwaiwai e kākoʻo i nā hana hana. "Pono e hoʻoulu i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo wale nō, e like me ka hana ʻana i kēia lā, akā ʻo ke kaʻina hana o ka ulu ʻana i nā ʻano mea kanu. ʻAʻole koho ke kākoʻo mokuʻāina. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻoulu i ka mahi ʻana i kekahi mau ʻano huahana, ʻaʻole lawa i ka ʻāina, "i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Mr. Medvedev.
Ma ke ala, ʻo ka hui "Greenhouses of Russia" i Malaki i hoʻopiʻi i ke Kuhina Nui o ka Russian Federation Mikhail Mishustin me kahi noi no kekahi mau mea pono, i ka manaʻo o nā mahiʻai, nā ana o ke kākoʻo mokuʻāina. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo kēia ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka palena o ka hāʻawi manawa pōkole makemake i 1.5 biliona rubles, kahi hoʻonui o ka uku i nā ʻoihana hōʻaiʻē no ka manawa pōkole a me nā hōʻaiʻē hoʻolimalima i 100% o ka helu kī o ka Central Bank o ka Lūkini. Huihui; ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā lā hoʻomaha hōʻaiʻē no ka manawa o 1 makahiki e uku ai i nā hōʻaiʻē hoʻopukapuka ʻoiai e mālama ana i nā kumukūʻai makemake, ka uku no ka hapa o nā kumukūʻai o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā lako maka, nā hana a me nā lawelawe, e noʻonoʻo ana i ka ʻāpana kālā, etc.
Hoʻohui ka lawelawe paʻi o ke kaulahao kūʻai ʻo Magnit i ka kūleʻa o ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā wahi e like me ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka hana hua, a me ka hana ikaika me nā kulanui mahiʻai e pili ana i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka ʻike ʻepekema i ka hana. nā hana.
Eia kekahi, ʻike ka hui i ka hemahema o nā mea kanu mea kanu. "ʻO ka hopena o ka hana ʻana o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka maikaʻi a me ka huahana o kēia mau limahana. I mea e pani ai i ka hakahaka o kēia mau loea, hoʻohana ʻo Magnit i nā ʻano hoʻoikaika like ʻole e mālama i nā limahana, hana i kahi mālama limahana no nā loea a me nā luna, hoʻomaikaʻi i nā kūlana hana, hana mau i nā loiloi ʻoluʻolu o nā limahana, huki i nā haumāna o KubGAU. No ka laʻana, mālama ʻia nā hoʻokūkū me ke kulanui no ka noiʻi hoihoi a maikaʻi loa no ka hana ʻana me ka uku ʻana i nā mea hoʻoikaika a me nā haʻawina pilikino mai ke kaulahao kūʻai, "wahi a ka hui. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka pilikia, e like me ka poʻe loea, e hoʻomau i ka ʻōnaehana no ka ʻoihana a koi i ka manaʻo o ka mokuʻāina.
ʻO Margarita Sinkevich
He kumu: https://www.kommersant.ru