ʻO kekahi mea ʻino mahiʻai ʻaiʻē i kekahi o kona kūleʻa i kahi moʻo i kāʻili ʻia mai kāna mea kanu mea kanu i mau miliona mau makahiki i hala. ʻO ka ʻike, i hōʻike ʻia i kēia lā ma Cell1, ʻo ia ka laʻana mua i ʻike ʻia o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke ʻano maoli mai kahi mea kanu i kahi pepeke. Ho'ākāka pū ia i kekahi kumu i akamai ai ka nalo keʻokeʻo ʻo Bemisia tabaci i ka ʻai ʻana i nā mea kanu: ʻo ka moʻo i kāʻili ʻia mai nā mea kanu e hiki ai iā ia ke pale aku i kahi ʻawaʻawa a kekahi mau mea kanu e pale aku ai i nā inike.
ʻO ka hana mua e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kēia gene hiki ke hoʻopōʻino i nā nalo keʻokeʻo i ka ʻawaʻawa, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ala kūpono e hakakā ai i ka pest. "E hōʻike ana kēia i kahi hana e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻihoʻi i nā unahi i ka makemake o ka mea kanu," wahi a Andrew Gloss, nāna e aʻo i ka pilina mea kanu-pest ma ke Kulanui o Chicago ma Illinois. "He hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa ia o ka hiki ʻana o ke aʻo ʻana i ka evolution i nā ala hou no nā noi e like me ka pale ʻana i nā mea kanu."
ʻO ke keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi - ʻoi aku ka pili o nā aphids ma mua o nā nalo - e hoʻopilikia i ka mahiʻai a puni ka honua. ʻO Bemisia tabaci kekahi o nā mea kanu ʻino loa: ʻo nā nalo keʻokeʻo e hoʻopau i ke kohu kō mai nā haneli o nā ʻano mea kanu, i nā manawa a pau e hoʻokuʻu ana i kahi mea ʻono a ʻono i kapa ʻia ʻo honeydew e lilo i ʻāina hoʻohua no ka poʻo. ʻO ka Whiteflies kekahi mau mea hoʻokele no ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 mau mea kanu pathogenic.
Nā genes ʻaihue
ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi ʻano o ka nalo keʻokeʻo i kekahi ʻāpana o ko lākou akamai predatory i nā genes mai nā mea ola ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha loa, no ka mea, he mea maʻamau ka ʻaihue genetic i ka heihei lima ma waena o nā mea kanu a me kā lākou mau mea ʻeha. I loko o nā miliona mau makahiki, ua ʻaiʻē nui nā mea kanu a me nā iniseti mai nā genomes microbial, i kekahi manawa e hoʻohana ana i kā lākou mau genes i loaʻa hou e hoʻomohala i nā hoʻolālā pale a ʻino paha.
Ua hao kekahi mau pepeke, e like me ke kofe hua (Hypothenemus hampei), i nā genes microbial no ka lawe ʻana i nā meaʻai hou aʻe mai nā paia o nā mea kanu paʻakikī2, a ua ʻaihue kekahi ʻohana hihiu o ka palaoa i kahi gene fungal e hakakā ai i kahi maʻi fungal i kapa ʻia. maʻi poʻo3. Akā, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia nā mea kanu a me nā inike e ʻaihue kekahi i kekahi ma mua o kēia manawa.
E heluhelu i ka ʻatikala piha ma www.nature.com.