ʻO Santiago Moreno, ke kaukaʻi piha o ka Plant Biotechnology- Biology Department, i kēia manawa i lawe i ka hana o ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka UPM Plant Germplasm Bank (UPM-PGB). Ua haʻi ʻo ia i ʻelua mau hana koʻikoʻi ma kēia keʻena, aia ma ka Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas (ETSIAAB).
ʻO ka mea mua, mālama i nā mea olaola, ma ke ʻano he "kumu no ke kūlana kaiaola maikaʻi". ʻO ka lua, ʻo ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā holomua ʻepekema "no ka hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi ʻana i nā kumu waiwai mea kanu a me ka hoʻomohala mau ʻana o ka meaʻai a me ka mahiʻai". Eia kekahi, hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Polofesa Moreno i ka pili ʻana o kēia mau hana me ʻelua o nā Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) i hāpai ʻia e UN: Pale, hoʻihoʻi a hoʻolaha i nā kaiaola honua a, hoʻopau i ka pōloli.
ʻO Santiago Moreno, ke kaukaʻi piha o ka Plant Biotechnology- Biology Department
Hoʻomaka ka mea nui o ka UPM-PGB me kona ʻano mōʻaukala. ʻO ia ka mea mua ma ka honua i ʻike i nā hua ʻāhiu.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hānau ʻia i ka makahiki 1966, me nā mea kanu ʻāhiu ʻohana Cruciferae a Profesor César Gómez Campo i hoʻohana ai i kumu no kāna hana noiʻi. Hiki mai kona hana ʻana i nā makahiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea kanu maikaʻi loa, ma ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka green revolution. I ia manawa, ua nui ka hoihoi i ka mālama ʻana i nā hua o nā ʻano mea kanu; ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hana ʻia kekahi mau panakō no kēia kumu ma ka honua. I ka wā i hana ai ʻo Polofesa Gómez Campo i ka waihona hua mua o ka honua no nā ʻano mea hihiu, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i ʻike wale i ka waiwai maoli o nā ʻanoʻano ʻano hihiu akā ʻo kā lākou hiki ke noi no ka hoʻohua ʻana.
He aha nā hōʻiliʻili kūpono loa? ʻEhia nā ʻano ʻano i mālama ʻia e ka panakō?
ʻO nā crucifers ʻāhiu, no ka mea, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili kaulana loa ma ka honua. ʻAʻole wale nā kāpeti, nā ʻuala, nā turnips a me ka sinapi no kēia ʻohana akā he helu pau ʻole o nā ʻano hihiu, me ka Diplotaxis (wall-rocket) e hōʻike ana i kā mākou māla a me nā kūlanakauhale melemele i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka puna. Ua hōʻiliʻili ka UPM-PGB i kekahi o nā hōʻiliʻili nui loa o nā crucifers hihiu ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa me kahi kokoke i 500 mau ʻano a ʻoi aku ma mua o 1,500 mau komo. Ma muli o ko lākou pili ʻana me nā ʻano mea kanu i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia mau ʻano i ka waiwai hoʻohui.
Aia kekahi ʻāpana lua kaulana o nā ʻano endemic mai ka Iberian Peninsula, ka Balearic Islands a me ka ʻāina ʻo Macaronesian, e komo pū ana me ka pae ʻāina ʻo Canary Islands. Ua ʻae ka papahana Artemis i ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia hōʻiliʻili i kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, i ka makahiki 1973. ʻO kāna kumu e hōʻiliʻili a mālama i nā hua o kā mākou ʻano endemic i ka wā lōʻihi. I kēia mau lā, mālama ʻia ma kahi o 300 mau ʻano endemic i loko o ka panakō.
Ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻohui ʻana, a i ʻole he waihona i pani ʻia?
ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻoki kālā a me nā limahana e pili ana i ka hui ʻana, e mau ana kēia ma muli o ʻelua kumu nui. ʻO ka mea mua, aia ka nui o nā mea hoihoi i loaʻa ʻole i ka UPM-PGB. No ka laʻana, he mea kupanaha ka hōʻike ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano o ka ʻohana Cruciferae, akā ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa ka hōʻike ʻana o nā lāhui like ʻole i hoʻokumu i kēlā me kēia ʻano. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia pilikia ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻano like ʻole me nā hiʻohiʻona i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā mea i loaʻa i kēia manawa] hiki ke loaʻa i nā genes hoihoi i ka ʻokoʻa intraspecific o nā mea hihiu.
ʻO ka lua, ʻo ka panakō, ma ke ʻano he lālā o ka Collection Network of the National Program of Plant Genetic Resources, e hui pū me ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i nā ʻōlelo hoʻohiki honua a ko mākou ʻāina i hana ai e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai kumulāʻau a me ka hoʻokele honua no ka meaʻai a me ka mahiʻai.
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