Makemake nā kānaka ʻepekema i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā strawberries hydroponic me ke silikoni no nā iwi ikaika a kūʻē i ka pōloli mineral, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka maikaʻi o nā huahana. I ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi pane i hoʻokahi nīnau, ua ʻike nā ʻepekema i kahi mea pāʻani koʻikoʻi i ka epiphytic microbial community ma ka ʻili o nā hua.
ʻO kahi pūʻulu o nā ʻepekema Italia, ʻoiai e aʻo ana i nā manaʻo no ka biofortification o nā strawberries, ua hoʻoholo i ka hopena o ka silikoni ma ke kaiāulu microbial o nā hua, e paʻi ana i nā hopena ma kahi ʻatikala ma ka puke pai ʻo Agronomy 2021 ma ka portal MDPI.
“ʻO ka pōʻino o ka mineral he mea ia e pili ana i ʻelua hapakolu o ka heluna kanaka o ka honua ma nā ʻāina ʻoihana a me nā ʻāina ulu a he hopena koʻikoʻi i ke olakino kanaka. Ke noʻonoʻo nei he huahana kaulana nā strawberries, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana iā lākou me nā pūhui pono e like me ka hopena hoʻohiki i ka pilikia.
I ka hihia o nā huaʻai hou, nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike o nā mea hoʻohui waiwai ma o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā genotypes, ma o nā papahana hānau, a ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau ʻano agronomic, no ka laʻana, biofortification.
ʻO ka mea nui, loaʻa ka biofortification agronomic ma o ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā mea kanu i ulu maʻamau i nā ʻōnaehana hana lepo ʻole (e like me ka hydroponics) me nā mea kanu mineral kūikawā e kuhikuhi ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o kahi meaʻai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā mea ʻai.
Ke alakaʻi mau nei nā Strawberries i ka berry ma ka honua. Manaʻo ʻia nā strawberries he waiwai nui ʻaʻole wale no ko lākou mau hiʻohiʻona sensory, akā no ko lākou pono olakino maikaʻi, no ka mea he waiwai nui lākou i nā pūhui antioxidant e like me ka vitamina C, anthocyanin, phenolic compounds a me flavonoids.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole mālama maikaʻi nā strawberries ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana ma muli o ko lākou kiʻekiʻe metabolic rate, e hoʻomaka ai i ka dehydration wikiwiki, nalowale ka paʻa, deterioration i ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ka palupalu.
Ke alakaʻi nei kēia mau pilikia i nā poho waiwai a ke ʻimi mau nei ka ʻoihana i nā ala e hoʻolōʻihi ai i ke ola o nā strawberries.
I kēia lā, ʻo nā ʻano hana ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana e pili ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke ola o nā hua i hoʻokomo ʻia i nā ʻano kino (ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka irradiation a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi lewa i hoʻololi ʻia a hoʻomalu ʻia) a i ʻole kemika (fumigation, calcium dipping, coating, ozonation) a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻike ʻia ka hopena o ka biofortification i ke ola ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā strawberries.
Hōʻike ka nui o ka ʻikepili i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ma waena o nā micronutrients ʻē aʻe, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ka silicon (Si) i ka hāpai ʻana i ke olakino kanaka ma o ke komo ʻana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka iwi a me ka mineralization.
ʻO Silicon, ka lua o ka mea nui loa i ka lepo, ʻaʻole pono i nā mea kanu. Eia naʻe,ʻo ka hoʻokomoʻana o Si i nā papahana fertilization ua hōʻike i nā hopena maikaʻi i nā mea kanu, e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ke kū'ēʻana i nā mea koʻikoʻi biotic a me abiotic me ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā hua.
I loko o ka pōʻaiapili o ka biofortification, ua hana ʻia kekahi mau haʻawina e hoʻonui ai i ka manaʻo Si i loko o nā ʻano mea kanu ʻai.
Ma muli o nā hopena, ua koho ʻia nā moho maikaʻi loa: nā strawberries, nā lau lau a me nā pīni ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
ʻO ka mea mahalo, ʻo ka biofortification o nā strawberries i alakaʻi i ka modulation ʻokoʻa o nā pūhui hana biologically, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka emi ʻana o ka ʻike o nā pūhui phenolic a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā flavonoids.
Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole e hiki ke hoʻonui i ke ola o nā huahana mahiʻai i ka hoʻokokoke ʻana i ka biofortification me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā meaʻai mineral.
ʻO ka pahuhopu o kēia hana noiʻi ʻo ia ka loiloi i ka hopena o ka biofueling silika o nā strawberries hydroponic i ka mālama ʻana i ka maikaʻi o nā hua ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana.
Ua ulu ʻia nā mea kanu Strawberry ma lalo o nā kūlana i hoʻomalu ʻia a ua hoʻohui ʻia ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o ka Si i loko o kahi hopena nutrient maʻamau. A laila, loiloi ʻia nā strawberries no nā ʻāpana maikaʻi (ʻo ia hoʻi ka titratable acidity, hardness, Brix and sweetness) a laila hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka mālama ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mahana like ʻole a me nā manawa.
Eia kekahi, ua loiloi pū ʻia nā strawberries no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka hui microbial epiphytic i mea e ʻike ai inā hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia e ka meaʻai i hoʻokumu ʻia no ka mea kanu, a ma ka hihia kikoʻī, e ka papahana biofortification Si.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena ʻaʻole i pili nui ka biofortification i ka paʻakikī o ka hua, ʻoiai ma nā pae kiʻekiʻe loa, ʻike ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o ka acidity titratable.
ʻIke ʻia o ke kaiāulu microbial no ka manawa mua i hōʻike ʻia i ka hiki ʻana mai o ka bacteria probiotic, ʻo ia hoʻi: Bacillus breve, i loaʻa paha i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻenehana hoihoi i ke ʻano o nā kānana i hoʻololi ʻia i ka ʻāpana hua o nā strawberries.
Eia kekahi, i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka biofortification Si, ua ʻike pū ʻia ka emi ʻana o nā microorganism e like me Escherichia coli a me Terrisporobacter glycolicus.